Addition of Matrix using functions – C Program

Addition of 2 matrix is possible only if both the matrices have same order. Matrices are the 2 Dimensional arrays in C.

That is,

Number of Rows of first matrix = Number of Rows of second matrix and

Number of Columns of first matrix = Number of columns of second matrix.

Example:

a(2, 3) and b(2, 3),

a(3, 5) and b(3, 5),

a(2, 2) and b(2, 2)

NOTE:

If the matrices have different orders they can not be added or subtracted.

2 Dimensional arrays are used to store the matrices.

Now, let us write C program to add 2 matrices using addition() function.

Description:

i & j – Loop control variables.
r – Number of rows of matrix.
c – Number of columns of matrix.
a & b – Matrices to be added which are 2-D arrays.
add – Sum of 2 matrices which is also 2-D array.
addition(r, c, a, b) – Function which adds matrix ‘a’ and ‘b’.
Input : Number of rows and columns, Matrix ‘a’ and ‘b’.
Output : Addition of 2 matrix.

Algorithm to add 2 matrices using Functions:

STEP 1: START
STEP 2: READ number of rows and columns of matrix
              READ r, c
STEP 3: READ the elements of first matrix
             LOOP from i = 0 to r
             LOOP from j = 0 to c
             READ a(i)(j)  
STEP 4: READ the elements of second matrix
             LOOP from i = 0 to r
             LOOP from j = 0 to c
             READ b(i)(j)  
STEP 5: CALL the addition() function and pass the arguments r, c, a, b
             Addition(r, c, a, b)
             LOOP from i = 0 to r
             LOOP from j = 0 to c
             Add corresponding matrix elements and store in ‘add’ matrix
             add(i)(j) = a(i)(j) + b(i)(j)
STEP 6: PRINT the addition matrix
             LOOP from i = 0 to r
             LOOP from j = 0 to c
             PRINT add(i)(j)  
STEP 7: END

C Program to add 2 matrix using Functions:

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void addition(int r,int c,int a[10][10],int b[10][10]);
void main() {
    int r, c, a[10][10], b[10][10],i, j;
    printf("Enter the number of rows and columns of matrix: ");
    scanf("%d %d",&r,&c);
    printf("Enter the elements of first matrix:\n");
    for (i = 0; i < r; i++)
        for (j = 0; j < c; j++) 
            scanf("%d", &a[i][j]);
    printf("Enter the elements of second matrix:\n");
    for (i = 0; i < r; i++)
        for (j = 0; j < c; j++) 
            scanf("%d", &b[i][j]);
    addition(r,c,a,b);
    getch();
}
void addition(int r,int c,int a[10][10],int b[10][10])
{
    int add[10][10],i,j;
    for (i = 0; i < r; i++)
        for (j = 0; j < c; j++) 
            add[i][j] = a[i][j] + b[i][j];
    
    printf("Addition of two matrices: \n");
    for (i = 0; i < r; i++){
        for (j = 0; j < c; j++)
            printf("%d\t", add[i][j]);
        printf("\n");
        }
}

Output 1:

Enter the number of rows and columns of matrix: 2 3
Enter the elements of first matrix:
1 2 2
1 2 2
Enter the elements of second matrix:
1 1 1
1 1 1
Addition of two matrices:
2 3 3
2 3 3

Output 2:

Enter the number of rows and columns of matrix: 3 3
Enter the elements of first matrix:
11 0 12
4 3 1
23 9 8
Enter the elements of second matrix:
1 2 8
2 9 8
5 4 3
Addition of two matrices:
12 2 20
6 12 9
28 13 11

QUIZ:

1] Can square matrices of different order be added?

1. YES
2. NO