1. A distributed operating system:
A) Runs on a single machine
B) Manages a group of independent computers as one system
C) Is used only for real-time systems
D) Works without networking
B) Manages a group of independent computers as one system
2. The main goal of a distributed OS is:
A) Faster CPU speed
B) Transparency and resource sharing
C) Increased disk space
D) Reduced memory usage
B) Transparency and resource sharing
3. Which type of transparency hides the location of resources?
A) Access transparency
B) Location transparency
C) Migration transparency
D) Replication transparency
B) Location transparency
4. Virtualization allows:
A) One OS per machine only
B) Multiple OS instances on same hardware
C) Elimination of hardware
D) Faster disk scheduling
B) Multiple OS instances on same hardware
5. A virtual machine monitor is also called:
A) Compiler
B) Loader
C) Hypervisor
D) Emulator
C) Hypervisor
6. Which hypervisor runs directly on hardware?
A) Type 1
B) Type 2
C) Hosted
D) Application-level
A) Type 1
7. Which hypervisor runs on top of a host OS?
A) Bare-metal
B) Type 1
C) Type 2
D) Kernel-level
C) Type 2
8. Which OS feature is critical for multicore processors?
A) Paging
B) Concurrency
C) File allocation
D) Disk scheduling
B) Concurrency
9. Symmetric multiprocessing (SMP) means:
A) One CPU controls others
B) Each processor has its own OS
C) All processors share the same OS and memory
D) Processors are isolated
C) All processors share the same OS and memory
10. Asymmetric multiprocessing differs from SMP because:
A) CPUs share tasks equally
B) One processor controls others
C) Memory is distributed
D) No synchronization needed
B) One processor controls others
11. A real-time operating system is characterized by:
A) High throughput
B) Deterministic response time
C) Large memory usage
D) Batch processing
B) Deterministic response time
12. Hard real-time systems:
A) Allow deadline misses
B) Do not allow deadline misses
C) Are used only for desktops
D) Ignore scheduling
B) Do not allow deadline misses
13. Soft real-time systems:
A) Fail if deadline is missed
B) Are useless without deadlines
C) Can tolerate occasional deadline misses
D) Do not use scheduling
C) Can tolerate occasional deadline misses
14. Which scheduling algorithm is commonly used in real-time OS?
A) Round Robin
B) Earliest Deadline First
C) FCFS
D) Multilevel queue
B) Earliest Deadline First
15. Which real-time scheduling algorithm assigns fixed priorities?
A) EDF
B) Round Robin
C) Rate Monotonic Scheduling
D) FCFS
C) Rate Monotonic Scheduling
16. Which OS design approach keeps most services in user space?
A) Monolithic kernel
B) Microkernel
C) Layered kernel
D) Hybrid kernel
B) Microkernel
17. Microkernels improve:
A) Performance only
B) Reliability and security
C) Disk speed
D) CPU clock rate
B) Reliability and security
18. Which OS concept enables execution on heterogeneous systems?
A) Virtual memory
B) Distributed OS
C) Paging
D) Disk scheduling
B) Distributed OS
19. Load balancing in OS is mainly used in:
A) Single-user systems
B) Distributed systems
C) Batch systems
D) Embedded systems
B) Distributed systems
20. Which metric evaluates fairness in scheduling?
A) Throughput
B) Turnaround time
C) Waiting time
D) Starvation avoidance
D) Starvation avoidance
21. Which OS supports fault tolerance?
A) Single-user OS
B) Distributed OS
C) Batch OS
D) Standalone OS
B) Distributed OS
22. Checkpointing is used to:
A) Improve disk speed
B) Recover from failures
C) Schedule CPU
D) Allocate memory
B) Recover from failures
23. Which OS concept allows migration of processes?
A) Paging
B) Process synchronization
C) Distributed OS
D) Disk scheduling
C) Distributed OS
24. Scalability in OS refers to:
A) Running only on small systems
B) Ability to handle growth in workload
C) Fixed resource usage
D) CPU clock rate
B) Ability to handle growth in workload
25. Advanced OS design mainly focuses on:
A) Hardware manufacturing
B) Efficient resource utilization and reliability
C) Programming language design
D) Network cabling
B) Efficient resource utilization and reliability